"-y" meaning in Middle English

See -y in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /-iː/
Etymology: From Old English -iġ, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Doublet of -ik. Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|inh|ang>-iġ>adjectives|id=adjectives}}, {{inh|enm|ang|-iġ}} Old English -iġ, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*-g}} Proto-West Germanic *-g, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*-gaz}} Proto-Germanic *-gaz, {{inh|enm|ine-pro|*-kos}} Proto-Indo-European *-kos, {{doublet|enm|-ik}} Doublet of -ik Head templates: {{head|enm|suffix}} -y
  1. Designates an adjective, in many cases formed by being appended to a noun. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--y-enm-suffix-enm:_y Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 51 24 24 Synonyms: -e, -eg, -ege, -ey, -i, -ich, -iche, -ie, -ig, -ige, -iȝ, -iȝe, -ik, -ike, -ye
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

Head templates: {{head|enm|suffix}} -y
  1. Alternative form of -yf Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -yf
    Sense id: en--y-enm-suffix-y6Ev5V5A
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix

Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|-ie>abstract nouns|id=abstract nouns}} Head templates: {{head|enm|suffix}} -y
  1. Alternative form of -ie Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -ie
    Sense id: en--y-enm-suffix-PiL4qPcY
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "-y",
            "3": "-ie",
            "4": "-ey"
          },
          "expansion": "English: -y, -ie, -ey",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: -y, -ie, -ey"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "-ie",
            "3": "-y"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: -ie, -y",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: -ie, -y"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "ang>-iġ>adjectives",
        "id": "adjectives"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-iġ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -iġ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-g"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-g",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-gaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-gaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-kos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ik"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of -ik",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English -iġ, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Doublet of -ik.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-y",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 24 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Designates an adjective, in many cases formed by being appended to a noun."
      ],
      "id": "en--y-enm-suffix-enm:_y",
      "senseid": [
        "enm:-y"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-e"
        },
        {
          "word": "-eg"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ege"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ey"
        },
        {
          "word": "-i"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ich"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iche"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ie"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ig"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ige"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iȝ"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iȝe"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ik"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ike"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ye"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-y"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-y",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-yf"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -yf"
      ],
      "id": "en--y-enm-suffix-y6Ev5V5A",
      "links": [
        [
          "-yf",
          "-yf#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-y"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ie>abstract nouns",
        "id": "abstract nouns"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-y",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-ie"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -ie"
      ],
      "id": "en--y-enm-suffix-PiL4qPcY",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ie",
          "-ie#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-y"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English doublets",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English suffixes",
    "Middle English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 15 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "-y",
            "3": "-ie",
            "4": "-ey"
          },
          "expansion": "English: -y, -ie, -ey",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: -y, -ie, -ey"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "-ie",
            "3": "-y"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: -ie, -y",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: -ie, -y"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "ang>-iġ>adjectives",
        "id": "adjectives"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-iġ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -iġ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-g"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-g",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-gaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-gaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-kos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ik"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of -ik",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English -iġ, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Doublet of -ik.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-y",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Designates an adjective, in many cases formed by being appended to a noun."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:-y"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-e"
    },
    {
      "word": "-eg"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ege"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ey"
    },
    {
      "word": "-i"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ich"
    },
    {
      "word": "-iche"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ie"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ig"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ige"
    },
    {
      "word": "-iȝ"
    },
    {
      "word": "-iȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ik"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ike"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ye"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-y"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English suffixes",
    "Middle English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 15 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-y",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-yf"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -yf"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-yf",
          "-yf#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-y"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English suffixes",
    "Middle English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 15 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ie>abstract nouns",
        "id": "abstract nouns"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-y",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-ie"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -ie"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ie",
          "-ie#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-y"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -y meaning in Middle English (4.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.